The Total Vascular Flora of Singapore Online

Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh. ssp. marina

Recent Synonyms: None relevant.

Status: Native; Critically endangered. Cultivated.

Growth Form or Habit: Tree.

Pulau Semakau; Mangrove; 2011.

Ruellia rosea Hemsl.

Recent Synonyms: None relevant.

Status: Exotic, Cultivated only.

Growth Form or Habit: Shrub.

Punggol; Cultivated; 2011.

Sengkang; Cultivated; 2011.

Punggol; Cultivated; 2011.

More pictures can be found at

(1) The Plant Observatory website

Avicennia rumphiana Hallier f.

Recent Synonyms: None relevant.

Status: Native; Common. Cultivated.

Growth Form or Habit: Tree.

Jenal Jetty; Mangrove; 2011.

More pictures can be found at

(1) The Plant Observatory website

Acanthus ilicifolius L.

Recent Synonyms: None relevant.

Status: Native; Common. Cultivated.

Growth Form or Habit: Shrub.

Eastern coast; Coastal; 2010.

Eastern coast; Coastal; 2010.

Eastern coast; Coastal; 2010. 

Other Information:

Common Name: Sea Holly.

More pictures can be found at

(1) The Plant Observatory website

Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wall. ex Nees

Recent Synonyms: None relevant.

Status: Exotic; Naturalised.

Growth Form or Habit: Herb.

Hougang; Cultivated; 2010.

Hougang; Cultivated; 2010.

Hougang; Urban; 2010.

More pictures can be found at

(1) The Plant Observatory website

Ruellia repens L.

Recent Synonyms: None relevant.

Status: Crytogenic.

Growth Form or Habit: Herb.

Sengkang; Cultivated; 2010.

More pictures can be found at

(1) Urban Forest website

Strobilanthes crispus Blume

Recent Synonyms: None relevant.

Status: Exotic; Cultivated only.

Growth Form or Habit: Herb.

Khatib Bongsu; Plantation; 2010.

Khatib Bongsu; Plantation; 2010.

Other Information:

Common Name: Black Face General.

More pictures can be found at

(1) The Plant Observatory website

Ruellia simplex C.

Recent Synonyms: Ruellia brittoniana Leonard

Status: Exotic; Cultivated only.

Jurong East; Drain; 2010.

Growth Form or Habit: Herb.

More pictures can be found at

(1) The Plant Observatory website

Thunbergia laurifolia Lindl.

Recent Synonyms: None relevant.

Status: Native; Extinct. Cultivated.

Growth Form or Habit: Climber.

Kallang; 2010.

Other Information:

Similar Species: Flowers similar to Thunbergia grandiflora but can be distinguish by the different leave shapes.

More pictures can be found at

(1) The Plant Observatory website

Avicennia alba Blume

Recent Synonyms: None relevant.

Status: Native; Common. Cultivated.

Growth Form or Habit: Tree.

Sungei Serangoon; 2009.

Sungei Serangoon; 2009.

Sungei Serangoon; 2009.

Sungei Serangoon; 2009.

More pictures can be found at

(1) The Plant Observatory website